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Succession of mollusk assemblages in quarries of Bohemian Karst
Kocurková, Alena ; Juřičková, Lucie (advisor) ; Horsáková, Veronika (referee)
Molluscan succession was studied in 18 abandoned limestone quarries of different age in Bohemian Karst. The number of species in studied quarries increases in the time. The less species were found in the oldest quarries. This trend was probably caused by habitat diversity decline although it is not conclusive. The best predictors of mollusk species composition are type of surrounding vegetation, light and the cover of tree layer. It is important to take into account correlations of the other environmental variables with light and the cover of tree layer. Compositions of mollusk assemblages of north and south-facing slopes differ, but these differences diminish with ongoing succession. Quarries represent suitable model sites for the study of succession.
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Metacommunities of the copepods, molluscs and ostracods in Kokořínsko pools on the longterm gradient
Tichá, Adéla ; Juračka, Petr Jan (advisor) ; Šorfová, Vanda (referee)
Re-creation and building new small freshwater habitats belong among the important management activities within the Protected Landscape Area Kokořínsko - Máchův kraj (Czech Republic) for almost two decades. These pools keep the water within the landscape and serve as the habitats for vulnerable species of amphibians and invertebrates, which I have studied within this thesis. Most studies focusing on studying metacommunities of small water bodies have been based on the data from one or two seasons, and thus completely neglect the development of composition of these metacommunities over longer periods of time. This thesis builds on previous research on the species composition of small ponds in the Kokořínsko Protected Landscape Area, which had been done in 2005 and 2006. In 2009 and 2017, sampling in the same ponds continued. I investigated the influence of spatial and environmental variables of individual ponds on the species composition of ostracods, copepods and molluscs in specific years and how has the representation of individual species changed among those years. With one exception, I have not observed any new incoming species of copepods and ostracods since 2006; the number of species had in fact decreased. In the case of molluscs, there was a significant exchange of species between individual...
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Short-term successions of mollusc assemblages of natural and anthropogenic habitats
Berková, Kateřina ; Juřičková, Lucie (advisor) ; Drvotová, Magda (referee)
This work compares the succession of mollusc communities of natural and anthropic habitats. It summarizes how mollusc assemblages of natural habitats change over time, if they are stable over time, and to what extent the natural succession of mollusc communities are affected by man. Mollusc communities of different habitats are subject of constant change. The mollusc succession of natural habitats was usually studied in deciduous forests. It leads to species-rich assemblages that do not change much in the short time-scale. The succession has also been studied at anthropic habitats such as quarries, urban habitats and castle ruins, where some species characteristic of particular habitat types or successive stages were identified. Key words: molluscs, succession, climax, disturbance, malacofauna
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Floristic and mollusco-vertebratological survey on four localities of the blind branches of Blanice river close to Milenovice, Myšenec, Protivín and Vitice. Floristic and mollusco-vertebratological survey on seven localities of the blind branches of Blanice river close to Čejetice, Krašlovice, Skály u Protivína, Slaník and Žďár u Protivína
Kučerová, Andrea ; Čtvrtlíková, Martina ; Blabolil, Petr ; Muška, Milan ; Peterka, Jiří
The aim of the study was to investigate occurrence of aquatic and wetland macrophytes, large water molluscs and vertebrates, and assessment of the effect of planned actions on species composition and protective measures of endangered species
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Physiology of special mirror eyes of molluscs, crustaceans and deep-sea fish
Remišová, Kateřina ; Hudec, René (advisor) ; Němec, Pavel (referee)
The majority of image forming systems in animal eyes are based on refractive optics. However, there are several eye types that use as a main image forming devises biological mirrors hence they are called mirror eyes. Biological mirrors are special type of tissue that reflects light beams usually by means of the constructive interference on multi-layers of alternating refractive indices. The mirror eye arrangement can be found mostly in animals living in the dim or deep water. Different types of mirror eyes have been described among molluscs, crustaceans and fishes. Moreover, the reflective superposition eyes of decapod crustaceans served as an inspiration for construction of the lobster-eye X- ray telescopes used in astrophysics. In this thesis, various types of mirror eyes are described. The overview of animals with mirror eyes is supplemented by description of their habitat. Finally, different types of mirror eyes are compared and their possible biomimetic application especially in optical technology is discussed. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The role of stream-corridors for the speading of invertebrates in the landscape
Ratajová, Michaela ; Juřičková, Lucie (advisor) ; Čejka, Tomáš (referee)
The characteristic environment along riverbeds forms corridors, which can be used by numerous organisms for their dispersion - stream corridors. Water is a useful medium of transportation, especially for the species with low dispersion abilities, such as annelids, molluscs and several arthropods. The terrestrial animals nearby the water flows are often adapted to the survival in the water. They are able to survive short term inundation, or reproduce very quickly to renew their abundances. However, well documented cases of the species spreading along the rivers are rather rare. Most of them are molluscs species. The banks of the Vltava, Berounka or Sázava rivers are colonized by the snail Arianta arbustorum. There is evidence of the spreading of annelids along some European rivers. Such examples, together with the various adaptations to survival of inundation suggest that the stream corridors really work as a spreading device.
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Mollusc grazing and secondary metabolites of lichens
Černajová, Ivana ; Svoboda, David (advisor) ; Vondrák, Jan (referee)
In contrast to the much that is known about herbivory and its consequences, lichenovory has seldom been studied. Recently, studies confirming the anti-feedant role of lichen secondary metabolites were brought out and hypotheses considering the nature of these interactions were introduced. Also, a few papers dealing with the ecological consequences of lichenovory were published lately. My thesis was aimed on the secondary metabolites issue and the preferences of the lichen feeders in the natural conditions. Six epiphytic lichen species containing secondary compounds (Parmelia sulcata, P. saxatilis, Parmelina tiliacea, Melanelixia glabratula, M. subaurifera, M. glabra), two without them (Melanohalea exasperata, M. exasperatula) and two species of gastropods that naturally climb the trees to feed on lichens (Lehmannia marginata, Cochlodina cerata) were selected for grazing experiments. The deterring role of the lichen compounds was proven. These were also identified using thin-layer chromatography. Subsequently, a transplantation experiment was carried out. It was focused on specifying the preferences of lichen grazers in their natural habitat. The genus Melanohalea that does not contain any secondary metabolites was strongly prefered. No significant preferences among the other species used in the...
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Succession of mollusk assemblages in quarries of Bohemian Karst
Kocurková, Alena ; Juřičková, Lucie (advisor) ; Horsáková, Veronika (referee)
Molluscan succession was studied in 18 abandoned limestone quarries of different age in Bohemian Karst. The number of species in studied quarries increases in the time. The less species were found in the oldest quarries. This trend was probably caused by habitat diversity decline although it is not conclusive. The best predictors of mollusk species composition are type of surrounding vegetation, light and the cover of tree layer. It is important to take into account correlations of the other environmental variables with light and the cover of tree layer. Compositions of mollusk assemblages of north and south-facing slopes differ, but these differences diminish with ongoing succession. Quarries represent suitable model sites for the study of succession.
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